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Tap water filter is a deionizer. Reverse Osmosis is a mechanical filter that will remove about 95% of impurities from tap water. Not good for Phosphate or Silicate but really good for almost everything else. If you run the output of a RO through a DI then you'll remove almost all the Phosphate and Silicate as well.
DI beads (rosins) are expensive so using a RO first cuts down on expenses.