Nitrate is just the indicator used to detect all the processes going on in the tank that it would be too hard to test for. Kinda like a sniff test on a baby. If it don't smell right, it's probably best to change it. The bonus of a water change is you don't get the nasty surprise of actually finding out what's in the diaper.
And just like the diaper, you really don't want to bother checking the exact composition of the contents unless you really have to, since 90% of the time the solution is the same. Change it.