Just to add my 2 cents / hypothesis / educated guess into the carbon leeching conversation in case it helps with further research...my understanding is that there are different forms of carbon that work in different manners. I'm in commercial / residential water purification as a profession, and I know water systems use different kinds. For example, things like Brita Pitcher, refrigerator filters, use normal activated carbon which works through absorption. As we know, they basically become inert and lose their absorption abilities which in an aquarium I'd believe, as jeta said, that it would simply become part of the bio-filtration and I guess also a form of mechanical filter. However, in some of high-end ($) units, we have other forms of carbon which work through different properties where materials basically cling to it, the material can be flushed, recharged and reused (our company has lifetime warranties on it, but we normally replace it after 5-10 years based on the water quality it is treating). I've never researched it deeply, but I could take an educated guess and make an assumption that once the specialized forms of carbon lose it's ability to "cling" to things, if not cleaned and recharged I suppose there would be the potential for it to basically lose it's grasp on the things it's holding. However, I highly doubt aquarium filters are using anything remotely similar to what are in out top-tier systems (again, lots of $), and they're probably much more similar to the Pur filter people have on their faucets.
Again, just a theory...not scientific data.