Unfortunately, no, not really. Bubblestones work by disrupting the surface, allowing air from the atmosphere to enter the tank. The bubbles themselves don't actually introduce that much oxygen. The opposite is true with CO2. You want really small bubbles so that surface area, and therefore absorption by the water, will be maximized. This is why special ceramic diffusers are usually used.
Economic options for CO2 diffusion include DIY inline reactors, feeding into a powerhead or some filters, or a cheapo ceramic diffuser (ebay is a decent source for these).