quick and dirty, a normal T12 bulb is around 70 lumens per watt. T8 is around 80 to 85 lumens per watt, but the bulbs are normally lower wattage so you typically get just a few more lumens, but they use less electricity. T5 is around 90 lumens per watt, but you really need a High Output bulb to get enough lumens because the regular bulb is only about 60% of the wattage of a standard bulb.
Compact flourescents are around 85 lumens per watt and are available in high wattage so they are the best choice for high lumen output short of going to a halogen bulb which is very efficient at 90 lumens per watt but they use a lot of watts in a small bulb and get very hot.