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For the most part, liquid water can only get to 0 C before it turns to ice. As long as there is liquid in your pond, the water is no less than 0C. This is why the pond has to be so deep, the earth 4' down does not drop like the surface does.
The temperature swings won't matter, the earth surrounding the water 4' down will keep the pond temperature regulated. The biggest thing to dealing with temperature swings is to make sure that you aren't tempted to feed the fish until temps are consistently high (>50F or so) for a few weeks.
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