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What I've learned over the years is that sometimes stockings that should work, don't, and sometimes stockings that shouldn't work, do. Keep an eye on your fish and if any cause problems, remove them. Your pleco will be fine for a while...maybe years...just sell/trade/give him to somebody with...

how it works to lower pH will be dependent on the buffering capacity of your water...the more important thing is to keep things consistent, messing with this too much could cause some problems. if it were me, I would keep a bucket of water with the leaves in it, allowing them to tint the...

Test kits and other chemical additives always make up the bulk of the unnecessary garbage pilled in aquarium stands. A little water conditioner and maybe a little salt should be all you need for the water. Most important things... 1) cycled tank (any type of cycling without a test kit is...

Sounds cycled to me....Knowing if nitrates were going up would confirm.

scrub with a little white vinegar during every water change until gone.

Sounds like it's cycled if you're using media from a well established tank...you may be killing off your bacteria if not "feeding" it enough. If you're testing, have you tested nitrates?

I've planned on doing something similar to this one day for a long time...very interested in how it goes, especially with different plants. I've been considering more of the minnows than sunfish for mine. Keep us updated and good luck.

be careful with the boiling...any internal air pockets could cause an explosion... the fizz will only tell you if has or is made of carbonate...which if fine if you want to raise or maintain a higher pH. I've personally never had an issue or know anyone personally who has had any problems...

For a fishless cycle (like it sounds like you're doing)....stop testing and just keep "feeding" the tank on a daily basis...do some small water changes here and there (skimming off top to help control that biofilm). At 4 weeks, do a large water change 40% -ish. Test it, then feed it, and test...

Depends on your local market...where I'm at, I would probably have trouble giving it away, so would have to resort to shipping which would drastically lower what people would pay due to cost of shipping the larger items. So, in my little world I would price everything independently...allowing...

lists? ha, my wife wishes....i have notebooks full....

There is a ton...literaly thousands of research papers out there, about affects of stunting on many species of fish, in many varying environments...including aquariums........NONE of the results indicate ANYTHING showing overgrowth of internal organs..... IF you bother to look any of this up...

A wife and a kids are excellent tools when used properly.

a fishs' internal organs will continue to grow even when growth in stunted...leading to a painful death (and even exploding organs):facepalm:

In most science (biology and chemistry oriented at least), a B.S. degree can get you on with different environmental companies as an assistant of some sort…or you can go the local, state, or federal route and get a job that won’t pay as well, but will be easier to get without a graduate degree...

i had one by itself in a 55 gallon (started with a couple perch and a smaller gsf...he was too big, messy, aggressive, and destructive...the tank was a constant mess... ...if you're ok, with an empty tank (maybe a rock or two) he will be fine...way to big for that tank, but fine... ...caught...

legumes fix nitrogen (well, the nodules on their roots do)...that is, they take nitrogen that is not fixed...like atmospheric N2 and convert it to something that will stay in the soil, like ammonia.... Start with this...if this is part of your life this page should be all common sense to...

There are many ways...i was pointing out something i see commonly here

in that case i'd say wet....dry would be removing less because you're only removing what's accumulated at the very surface...this is really just more about preference in how often you wanna do the yuk then?...

i don't do saltwater, but here's my thought...tell me where this is wrong... in a saltwater reef aquarium you are attempting to mimic the natural environment as much as possible for optimal coral, fish, etc. health... in a natural reef ecosystem there is a high rate of "water exchange"...

it's just some type of algae...with all the nutrients you've had in the water they've had perfect conditions to produce and grow lots of spores....mold would be in areas that are out of the water...another possible reason for lower nitrates...

you can get hcl as muriatic acid at any place that sells pool supplies...dilute it way down...10% or so...

maybe this is simpler in aquariums we keep a low overall nitrogen (n) concentration [ ] that you would find in most healthy natural systems. this gives the appearance that with little test kits we can "watch" all of our n (this is no where close to showing what's going on). when doing a...

cuttle bone is a shell...it reacted with the acid (vinegar) as it should...had it reacted with the h202 i would be surprised...

link to an abstract with a link to the article...gives some info...i think in the u.s. it's a glacial associated formation in your area.. ON THE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PAGODA FORMATION IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHWESTERN CHINA--《Professional Papers of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology》1985年00期