Possibly copepods, which is a tiny crustacean. Very nutritious for certain species. Not sure how they started in there but they are a common water dweller and many people cultivate them on purpose. Anyone else here care to weigh in on your experience with them/what eats them?
What lives in your tank - fish, snails, shrimp? Answers here may help you figure out if they're a boon to your fishlife or a nuisance.
That may not be what it is. Opinions?
I'm guessing that whatever it may be, it is or has been in other places in there but has been sucked towards the filter, so that's why it congregates there. Regardless, if you want to get rid of it, rinse the filter and then the remaining floaters can be either sucked up by the old straw method (I know, ew) or something like a paper towel to scoop 'em out.