HI...just starting out on a salt water aquarium

[ejay1]

hello Im pretty much a new when it comes to salt water aquariums.

I have been researching about it in the internet
I have a 30 gallon tank...I have filled my tank...dechlorinated it...and ran my filter, heater set to 75 f, and power head is working...and have added sea salt as instructed and my hydrometer reads it between 1.020 and 1.023

okay I know that I have to wait for like weeks until I can add fish because certain bacteria r needed to be present in the water. My question is when can I add live rock or coral..do I have to wait it out too...or can I add it immediately

[Kurt_Nelson]

Welcome to Aquarium Advice!

Just like fish (and even more so), you don't want to add corals, crabs, snails... anything alive to your tank until it has cycled. Completely. Ammonia and Nitrite levels should both read 0.0. (You've got test kits... right?!) Only then is the tank ready for inhabitants.

You are correct that you need bacteria to set up home in your tank to convert that ammonia and nitrite to nitrates. The bacteria will live in any powerfilters you have, but mostly in your rock and sand. This is why it's called "live" rock... it's alive with you bacteria. Soooo... just having a tank of water isn't going to give those bacteria too much of a home - you need to put the rock and sand in now and THEN cycle the tank.

Please read over the "articles" section of the website and you'll find numerous helpful articles to get you started. I also found just plain browsing the threads useful when I was starting out. (I lurked here for 3 months before I even put water in my tank!) And of course keep asking questions.

Sounds like you're using tap water, which is probably OK if you're going for a "fish only" tank. But since you asked about corals, I'm assuming you're planning a reef tank. Corals do not tolerate much in the way of nitrates and phosphates, and you'll normally find some amounts of those in tap water. Tap water works for some people, and not for others. But before you get too far down the road, I'd use those test kits (nitrates, phosphates, etc) on your source water to see exactly what you're putting in the tank to start with. If your source water has any detectable nitrates or phosphates, you probably want to start researching your options for purified water, either from a local fish store, or from buying your own RO/DI filter.

[ejay1]

Originally Posted by Kurt_Nelson

Welcome to Aquarium Advice!

Just like fish (and even more so), you don't want to add corals, crabs, snails... anything alive to your tank until it has cycled. Completely. Ammonia and Nitrite levels should both read 0.0. (You've got test kits... right?!) Only then is the tank ready for inhabitants.

You are correct that you need bacteria to set up home in your tank to convert that ammonia and nitrite to nitrates. The bacteria will live in any powerfilters you have, but mostly in your rock and sand. This is why it's called "live" rock... it's alive with you bacteria. Soooo... just having a tank of water isn't going to give those bacteria too much of a home - you need to put the rock and sand in now and THEN cycle the tank.

Please read over the "articles" section of the website and you'll find numerous helpful articles to get you started. I also found just plain browsing the threads useful when I was starting out. (I lurked here for 3 months before I even put water in my tank!) And of course keep asking questions.

Sounds like you're using tap water, which is probably OK if you're going for a "fish only" tank. But since you asked about corals, I'm assuming you're planning a reef tank. Corals do not tolerate much in the way of nitrates and phosphates, and you'll normally find some amounts of those in tap water. Tap water works for some people, and not for others. But before you get too far down the road, I'd use those test kits (nitrates, phosphates, etc) on your source water to see exactly what you're putting in the tank to start with. If your source water has any detectable nitrates or phosphates, you probably want to start researching your options for purified water, either from a local fish store, or from buying your own RO/DI filter.

Well I was going for a fish only tank...I was planning on buying a test kit they have for nitrate and ammonia..I used one of those dechlorinators u get in petsmart...I turned on my fitler....and the salt is said to lower nitrate and amonium too...is there anything else...getting rid of the nitrate and ammonia was one of my first worries. I was actually looking for an reverse osmosis filter in my local petsmart and the employees looked at me funny.

I know about the live rock being essential for bacteria...I was planning on driving up to petsco this friday to look for one...how much do they go for( I knoe they will be expensive)...Im not looking for anything fancy...just enough so fish can survive.

[ejay1]

oh one more question...what is th best brand of live sand to get...and do I need any kind of special light for a salt water aquarium...or is it the same thing as freshwater aquariums??

[SpeedEuphoria]

You need different light for SW and lots of it for corals

[roka64]

I wouldn't waste my money on "live" sand. Just get the dry sand and rinse it out. Salt will not lower your ammonia. The cycle goes like this:
1. Spike in ammonia
2. Rise in nitrItes with a decline to 0 of ammonia
3. Rise in nitrAtes with a decline to 0 of nitrItes
You do PWCs to remove the nitrAtes.
I would suggest a refractometer over a hydrometer, a QT and a RO/DI unit (about $100 on ebay), use a little LR and a bunch of base or lace rock (they will become live over time).

[ejay1]

Originally Posted by roka64

I wouldn't waste my money on "live" sand. Just get the dry sand and rinse it out. Salt will not lower your ammonia. The cycle goes like this:
1. Spike in ammonia
2. Rise in nitrItes with a decline to 0 of ammonia
3. Rise in nitrAtes with a decline to 0 of nitrItes
You do PWCs to remove the nitrAtes.
I would suggest a refractometer over a hydrometer, a QT and a RO/DI unit (about $100 on ebay), use a little LR and a bunch of base or lace rock (they will become live over time).

okay...what does PWC stand for??

[roka64]

PWC= partial water change
If you run into any other acronyms that you don't understand, click on my acronym link, under my sig file.

[fijiwigi]

Originally Posted by ejay1

Well I was going for a fish only tank...I was planning on buying a test kit they have for nitrate and ammonia..I used one of those dechlorinators u get in petsmart...I turned on my fitler....and the salt is said to lower nitrate and amonium too...is there anything else...getting rid of the nitrate and ammonia was one of my first worries. I was actually looking for an reverse osmosis filter in my local petsmart and the employees looked at me funny.

I know about the live rock being essential for bacteria...I was planning on driving up to petsco this friday to look for one...how much do they go for( I knoe they will be expensive)...Im not looking for anything fancy...just enough so fish can survive.

First step is to buy a test kit so that you can monitor the cycle. During the cycle about 6weeks is a great time to study so that you fully understand. I know its boring to see a tank of water with no fish swimming around but a good idea. In order to kick-start the cycle though you will need an ammonia source such as a raw shrimp from the grocery store, Fish food, Or my personal favorite Live rock. I ordered my live rock online Liveaquaria.com during shipping whatever live stuff died on the rock helped jump start my cycle for me. The quality of the rock was also much better than my Local Fish store had to offer. When I factored shipping and everything the Rock ordered online was still cheaper the the 8.99 a pound rock sold at the LFS.

Oh and you will never totally get rid of ammonia and nitrates. The bacteria inside your tank will help digest it to a level that is not harmfull to your fish. This also depends on your Bioload (amount of fish in your tank)With a 30g you will not be able to keep very many fish. If you have too many fish and a small tank with little live rock than you may not have the bacteria to keep up with the fish waste. You need lots of surface area for Bacteria growth. Via filter pad, rock or whatever There are many saltwater aquarist that do not use filters (including me) When you have enough live rock there is plenty of surface area for bioligical filtration of your tank the only other thing you need is good water flow and a protein skimmer.

[cmor1701d]

You might want to start at the Articles section then read the Getting Started thread ,the Cycle your salt tank article and the Quarantine for saltwater fish articles.

If you are not adding a power filter the recommened amount of LR (Live Rock) is 1½ - 2 pounds of LR per gallon of tank capacity. You can use a mixture of base rock (dry) and LR to get to the right amount.

Your cycle won't start until you add a source of ammonia to the tank. That could be some uncured LR or a raw cocktail shrimp you get at the grocer, or a good pinch of flake food.

You can find a decent RODI unit on eBay. You will need much better lights for corals.
You started out right by posting here. Now you need to do some research by reading the articles and posting your questions as they arise. This community is here to help you avoid the mistakes we have made or read about that other's have made. We also have no financial incentive to sell you anything like the local pet store does.

So....

[roka64]

I have to disagree with the statement about never getting rid if ammonia and nitrAtes.
The ammonia will be converted to nitrItes and then to nitrAtes fast enough that there should be no readings of the first two. NitrAtes are the end result of that conversion and can be removed with PWCs and or macro algae or a DSB.
So basically when the critters expel waste, that waste is quickly converted into nitrAtes.

[ejay1]

Originally Posted by fijiwigi

First step is to buy a test kit so that you can monitor the cycle. During the cycle about 6weeks is a great time to study so that you fully understand. I know its boring to see a tank of water with no fish swimming around but a good idea. In order to kick-start the cycle though you will need an ammonia source such as a raw shrimp from the grocery store, Fish food, Or my personal favorite Live rock. I ordered my live rock online Liveaquaria.com during shipping whatever live stuff died on the rock helped jump start my cycle for me. The quality of the rock was also much better than my Local Fish store had to offer. When I factored shipping and everything the Rock ordered online was still cheaper the the 8.99 a pound rock sold at the LFS.

Oh and you will never totally get rid of ammonia and nitrates. The bacteria inside your tank will help digest it to a level that is not harmfull to your fish. This also depends on your Bioload (amount of fish in your tank)With a 30g you will not be able to keep very many fish. If you have too many fish and a small tank with little live rock than you may not have the bacteria to keep up with the fish waste. You need lots of surface area for Bacteria growth. Via filter pad, rock or whatever There are many saltwater aquarist that do not use filters (including me) When you have enough live rock there is plenty of surface area for bioligical filtration of your tank the only other thing you need is good water flow and a protein skimmer.

will live sand kick start the cycle too???
and once the cycle gets started watch actually reduces the ammount of nitrite and ammonia
Im not too bothered about waiting for months to put fish in. Its better for me money wise...LOL
besides starting up and preparing the aquarium is half the fun
I plan to keep 3 fish at most, will that be a problem??

what do u recommend to use for a good water flow???

[roka64]

LR can start a cycle, if there is sufficient die off. If you just moved it straight from and established tank to your new tank (with minimal dry time) you could skip the cycle, since the beneficial bacteria are already present in the LR.
3 fish, it really depends on the fish.
I love the hydor korelias for water movement.

[ejay1]

Originally Posted by roka64

LR can start a cycle, if there is sufficient die off. If you just moved it straight from and established tank to your new tank (with minimal dry time) you could skip the cycle, since the beneficial bacteria are already present in the LR.
3 fish, it really depends on the fish.
I love the hydor korelias for water movement.

I have a question about ur fishless cycle thing...if I drop a raw shrimp in my aquarium...where do the bacteria come from.

I have absolutely nothing in my aquarium besides salt water.

[roka64]

Oh, I somehow missed that!
I use 1 raw, unseasoned jumbo shrimp per 30 gallons to cycle my tank.
The rotting shrimp will produce ammonia and start your cycle.
I'm sorry for any of my previous mis-information, as I thought you already had a cycled tank.
Ok, I was thinking of another thread. Read the article cmor posted and that will help you have a better understanding of the fishless cycle.

[ejay1]

Originally Posted by roka64

Oh, I somehow missed that!
I use 1 raw, unseasoned jumbo shrimp per 30 gallons to cycle my tank.
The rotting shrimp will produce ammonia and start your cycle.
I'm sorry for any of my previous mis-information, as I thought you already had a cycled tank.
Ok, I was thinking of another thread. Read the article cmor posted and that will help you have a better understanding of the fishless cycle.

Okay so drop 1 unseasoned shrimp in aquarium with live rock...
I have a 100 dollar budget for a live rock...which is best to get u think

[Kurt_Nelson]

Originally Posted by ejay1

I have a question about ur fishless cycle thing...if I drop a raw shrimp in my aquarium...where do the bacteria come from.

I have absolutely nothing in my aquarium besides salt water.

Given an ammonia source (rotting shrimp), bacteria from the air will populate whatever means of biological filtration you have - whether it be rock, a biowheel, wet/dry bioballs, etc.

[roka64]

I would look into base or lace rock for a majority of your rock and seed it (once cycled) with a few pieces of cured LR.

[fijiwigi]

Originally Posted by roka64

I have to disagree with the statement about never getting rid if ammonia and nitrAtes.
The ammonia will be converted to nitrItes and then to nitrAtes fast enough that there should be no readings of the first two. NitrAtes are the end result of that conversion and can be removed with PWCs and or macro algae or a DSB.
.

This is true probably should have worded my reply a bit different.

[roka64]

LOL, no problem, I just wanted to avoid and confusion!