Change substrate

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You don't need plant substrates to grow aquarium plants. A lot of plant substrates can release ammonia for months after you add them to the tank and this can kill the fish in the tank.

If you really want to add a plant substrate, put some in a bucket of tap water and check the ammonia and pH levels before adding it to the bucket of water. Then check those levels each day for a week. If there's no ammonia in the water after a week and the pH is the same, then use a fish net to scoop the old gravel out of your tank and add the new substrate.

Rinse the new substrate before removing the old stuff and have the new stuff waiting to go in spare buckets.

Gravel clean the tank the day before you remove the old gravel so it is cleaner when you actually remove it.

Scoop the gravel out at one end and remove the gravel from one side. Then go to the opposite side of the tank and do the same thing.

After the old gravel has been removed, use a plastic container or net and scoop up some new substrate and put it in the tank at one end. Then spread it out across half the tank. Then add more substrate to the other end and spread that out.

You can use a plastic storage container with a lid to house the fish while you change substrates.
 
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