Actually, I think I know this. Dry autumn leaves are best, because all the sugars and sap are withdrawn before the leaves fall. All trees have sugars & resins in their sap, which is also in their leaves. Using green leaves the way we use dead leaves in a tank, would result in fouled water.
Fresh green leaves, with their sugars, ferment quickly, and support a lot of fast bacterial growth. The basic recipe for home made infusoria calls for crushed lettuce to be left in water for a few days, basically, until it goes bad. Once it does, you have your bacteria, aka your infusoria, all ready to go; but don't get too close with your nose
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If you were feeding green leaves, like a green veggie, you'd only give a tiny amount to shrimp or fish, what they'd clean up before it goes bad. Not much different from feeding kale or spinach.
Fallen brown leaves are mostly carbon, nothing fermentable, so they take much longer to break down. You don't get the fast decay and rampant bacterial growth you'd get with green leaves, whether they're off a tree or out of the veggie garden. But left in a tank for some time, dead leaves will support some bacterial growth in a tank, making useful food for tiny fry and shrimp as well, or long lasting leaf litter that provides hiding places.
Same reason you don't use green wood in a tank. You have to season wood if you want to use it for tank decor. Most of the sources I've read say to age green wood a minimum of one year in the elements, sun, wind, rain, etc. before it's safe to use in a tank. Green wood is full of sap too.. sugary, fermentable sap. Even if it's not toxic as such, you still wouldn't want it in a tank.