fishless cycle...check the articles section for a nice outline of the process.
typical cycle is 3-6 weeks, fishless or fishy. fishless is kind of foolproof...at the very least if you make a mistake, no fish are harmed, no foul.
for filters, I'd go with a canister filter. rena filstar xp2 is what I like.
fish, totally up to you. go with what YOU like
plants...we have a separate section for planted tanks. you might wanna look there, as you can have a low light, low cost platned tank, or a high light, high tech planted tank that costs almost as much as a full SW reef - roughly $10-$15 per gallon to setup, not counting fish or plants, just hardware (mainly lighting, and CO2) and the plant substrate.