I really wouldn't put him in the bowl at this point. The low temperatures will only stress him and may push him over the edge. I think the reasoning behind the floating pea pieces, like what was mentioned, is that he had a greater chance of eating some if they were all around him, not that he would "absorb" them. A betta usually doesn't eat from the tank bottom so a pea piece lying there won't help him. If he is absolutely not eating, then do a water change to remove all the pea debris.
Have you tried epsom salts? This epsom treatment can help with the bloat. You can get this in any grocery or drug store. You can use it right in his tank. The usual dose is 1/8 to 1/4 teaspoon per gallon, so if your tank is about 2 gallons, you could use up to 1/2 teaspoon. Add it gradually, though, in 1/8 teaspoon increments. Once you've worked up to 1/2 teaspoon, leave him in that concentration for about 3-4 days. When doing water changes, add back the amount of salt that you removed. Then after the treatment, do gradual changes with freshwater - about a half gallon a day, until you've removed all the salt. At any time if the salt appears to be stressing him, do a water change. I have given this treatment to a betta with good results.