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rubble for the water to pour over then through a filter for polishing and into the skimmer/return side of the sump..I also use a HOB filter if the water gets a little dusty around the surface, though its usually an indicator that my overflow needs attention..
No. I have some filter fluff and LR rubble in my sump (in the fuge and in the baffles of the bubble trap), along with macroalgae. I just change the filter fluff when it gets brown and rinse the sponge covering my pump intake. I have a quickfilter that I can attach to one of my 2 PHs to use carbon or for additional water-polishing just before guests come over!!